Pāli Dictionary

ā

Part of speech

indeclinable

general

  • 前缀，表加强语气，或表方向义（回、向此）

  • prefix marking intensification, or direction ‘back, hither, here’

  • DN 22

    idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāy'ānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ

a1

approximate

Part of speech

indeclinable

general

  • 前缀：置于重叠辅音前时，ā 缩短为 a（如 ā+kosati→akkosati）

  • prefix: shortened form of ā before a doubled consonant (e.g. ā-kosati > akkosati)

  • DN 19

    atha kho bho mahāgovindo brāhmaṇo tassa satt'āhassa accayena kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbaji

a2

approximate

Part of speech

indeclinable

general

  • 动词增音：加于部分不定过去时、未完成时及条件式动词前的增音 a-（如 akāsi“他做了”）

  • verbal augment: a- prefixed to some aorist, imperfect and conditional forms (e.g. akāsi ‘he did’)

  • MN 43

    te ca h'āvuso, āyusaṅkhārā abhaviṃsu te vedaniyā dhammā, na'y'idaṃ saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpannassa bhikkhuno vuṭṭhānaṃ paññāyetha.

  • SN 1.13

    sāvatthinidānaṃ. ekam'antaṃ ṭhitā kho sā devatā bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi.

a3

approximate

Part of speech

indeclinable

general

  • 否定前缀：不、无、非；加于名词、形容词、分词前构成否定式（如 akusala“不善”）

  • negative prefix: not-, un-, -less; attached to nouns/adjectives/participles (e.g. a-kusala ‘unwholesome’)

  • Ud 5.5

    addasā kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno taṃ puggalaṃ dussīlaṃ pāpadhammaṃ asuciṃ saṅkassarasamācāraṃ paṭicchannakamm'antaṃ asamaṇaṃ samaṇapaṭiññaṃ abrahmacāriṃ brahmacāripaṭiññaṃ antopūtiṃ avassutaṃ kasambujātaṃ majjhe bhikkhusaṅghassa nisinnaṃ

  • AN 3.111

    yaṃ, bhikkhave, adosapakataṃ kammaṃ adosajaṃ adosanidānaṃ adosasamudayaṃ, taṃ kammaṃ kusalaṃ taṃ kammaṃ anavajjaṃ

a4

approximate

Part of speech

indeclinable

general

  • （语法术语）标示 bhū 类（第一变位）动词现在时词干的主题元音／变位记号 -a-（如 bhū+a+ti→bhavati）

  • (grammar) the thematic vowel/conjugational sign -a- marking present-tense stems of bhū-class (1st conjugation) verbs, e.g. bhū + a + ti → bhavati

  • AN 3.102

    ukkāmukhaṃ ālimpetvā saṇḍāsena jātarūpaṃ gahetvā ukkāmukhe pakkhipeyya, ukkāmukhe pakkhipitvā kālena kālaṃ abhidhamati, kālena kālaṃ udakena paripphoseti, kālena kālaṃ ajjhupekkhati.

  • Thag 18.1

    anuddhato acapalo, nipako saṃvut'indriyo, sobhati paṃsukūlena, sīho'va girigabbhare.

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