An island, probably near Sri Lanka, the monks of which enjoyed a reputation for extreme holiness. When Duṭṭhagāmaṇī, fleeing from Cūḷaṅganiyapitthi, wished to give alms though having so little food, an Arahant Thera came from Piyaṅgudīpa to accept it as soon as the time of the almsgiving was announced by the minister Tissa (Mhv.xxiv.24 ff). Again, when Duṭṭhagāmaṇī, after his conquest of the Damiḷā, was filled with remorse for his slaughter of men, Arahants of Piyaṅgudīpa read his thoughts and came to console him (Mhv.xxv.104 ff). Mention is made of as many as twelve thousand monks living on Piyaṅgudīpa. Mhv.xxxii.55.