菩萨过去生化为一头乌黑公牛，被一老妇如子抚养；他曾助一商人拉车渡河，商人事后食言只付一半酬劳，牛便坚持不动直至如数付清。

The Bodhisatta in a past life as a jet-black bull, reared by a devoted old woman, who helped a merchant pull his carts across a ford and, after being cheated of half his promised wage, refused to move until paid in full.