一部经，记述佛陀般涅槃后比丘 Udena 向婆罗门 Ghoṭamukha 描述四种苦行者——自苦、苦他、俱苦、俱不苦者——Ghoṭamukha 认可最后一种超越贪欲者方为真正的正行沙门。

A discourse recording a conversation after the Buddha’s death in which the monk Udena describes to the brahmin Ghoṭamukha four kinds of ascetics — those who torment themselves, others, both, or neither — with the last, who live beyond craving, recognized by Ghoṭamukha as the truly righteous recluses.