婆罗门教的祭祀；吠陀祭典（常涉及杀生，在佛教典籍中多受批判或被重新定义）

brahmanic sacrifice; vedic ritual of sacrifice (often involving animal slaughter, frequently criticized or redefined in Buddhist texts)

布施；供养；对僧团或比丘的施舍（佛教对“祭祀”的重新定义，即如法的施与）

alms-giving; charity; offering to the Sangha or a bhikkhu (the Buddhist redefinition of sacrifice as worthy giving, deyyadhamma)