A class of devas, inhabitants of the highest stage of the sensuous universe (kāma-loka).

They are described (e.g., A.i.210, etc; S.v.410, 423; D.ii.91; iii.218) as “beings who desire the creation of others, in order to get them into their power.”

The Commentary (DA.iii.1001; ItvA. 243 f; see also MNidA.109; PSA.441; VibhA.519) explains that the objects of their desires are created by other devas who know their weakness, just as a cook, knowing the king’s favourite dishes, will prepare them for him. It adds that, according to some authorities, their desires are fulfilled by a mere look, a smile, an embrace, but this statement is rejected by the ancient Commentary.